British Journal of Radiology · 1991 · 152 citations · 12 references
MedicineObstetricsUrologyFemale UrologyObstetric ComplicationsUrodynamicsFecal IncontinenceIntrapartum ComplicationsMaternal Pelvic AssessmentObstetric EmergenciesPostpartum ComplicationsPostpartum Urinary DysfunctionAnal Sphincter ExaminationAnal Sphincter ImagingAnorectal DysfunctionAnorectal ExaminationControlsInternal Anal SphincterObstetric Trauma AssessmentUrinary Incontinence After Childbirth
Anal endosonography was performed in 62 consecutive patients with incontinence of flatus or faeces following obstetric trauma, and in 18 parous controls. Of the incontinent group, 90% had defects in the external sphincter, 65% in the internal sphincter and 44% disruption of the perineal body, compared with none of the controls. This triad of lesions is pathognomonic of obstetric trauma. Anal endosonography revealed a higher prevalence of sphincter damage than expected from anorectal physiology tests, and therefore has a role in screening patients following complicated or difficult deliveries.
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INJURY TO INNERVATION OF PELVIC FLOOR SPHINCTER MUSCULATURE IN CHILDBIRTH
S. J. Snooks, Michael Swash, M. E. Setchell et al. · The Lancet · 1984 · 854 citations
Medicine, Anatomy, Obstetrics +10
Journal of the American College of Surgeons · 2023 · 542 citations
Risk factors in childbirth causing damage to the pelvic floor innervation
S. J. Snooks, Michael Swash, M M Henry et al. · International Journal of Colorectal Disease · 1986 · 419 citations
Medicine, Gynecology, Obstetrics +14
FAECAL INCONTINENCE: THE UNVOICED SYMPTOM
R. J. Leigh, L.A. Turnberg · The Lancet · 1982 · 285 citations
Medicine, Gynecology, Urology +10