A two-dimensional flow model for the process simulation of complex shape composite laminates

A numerical flow-compaction model is developed and implemented in a finite element code to simulate the multiple physical phenomena involved during the autoclave processing of fibre-reinforced composite laminates. The model is based on the effective stress formulation coupled with a Darcian flow theory. A Galerkin approach is employed to discretize the weak form of the governing equations. The current formulation successfully describes the compaction behaviour of complex shape laminates caused by flow of the resin. A parametric study is performed to investigate the effect of the material properties on the compaction of angle-shaped composite laminates. It is found that the fibre bed shear modulus significantly affects the compaction behaviour in the corner sections of curved laminates while the resin viscosity and fibre bed permeability affect the compaction rate of the laminate. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.