High-frequency electro-optic oscillator using an integrated interferometer

Abstract

A hybrid electro-optic oscillator is built up with an integrated Mach–Zehnder interferometer on LiNbO3 and an electrical feedback circuit. Oscillation frequencies up to 1.54 GHz are achieved due to the high-frequency properties of the modulator. Oscillator operation as well as the synchronization behavior are analyzed by the describing function technique.