Cross-Cultural Psychotherapy and Art

Abstract

This article presents an introduction to cross-cultural psychotherapy, with reference to historical theories of art, symbols and myth, and to the therapist working with the client—both individual and groups. Cross-cultural dimensions of art therapy are delineated with a support for further research and cooperation between cultures, with attention given to outcomes relative to art therapy practice and training. An art therapy perspective is presented by the author from his work over a ten-year span with cultural groups from numerous countries. A review of literature is presented which focuses on cross-cultural psychology, defining issues applicable to art therapy. The literature discussed includes psychotherapy practice and training, cultural differences in therapeutic methods, research on cross-cultural mental health, as well as universal and personal symbols. A section on cross-cultural art therapy training brings together the author's observations of training in various countries, art therapy principles, and symbolic focus and transformation.