Rhodotorula mucilaginosa lymphadenitis in an HIV-infected patient

Abstract

We report a case of lymphadenitis due to Rhodotorula mucilaginosa in a man with well-controlled HIV infection. The diagnosis was established microbiologically by positive lymph tissue cultures, and clinically by responses of lymphadenitis to antifungal therapy. The patient was asymptomatic and was treated with itraconazole 200 mg orally once daily as an outpatient. Clinical response was evident within three weeks with improvement of lymphadenopathy on serial computed tomography scans. Lymphadenopathy resolved completely after 8 months of itraconazole therapy and had not recurred 9 months after treatment was stopped.