Winter penetration by mammals of different habitats in the Biebrza valley

Abstract

Tracks left in the snow by wild carnivores, ungulates, rodents and lagomorphs (total of 13 species) were counted over the period of 4 consecutive winters 1977-1980, over a total distance of 383 km on a route running through a group of habitats in a peaty river valley (NE Poland). Predators penetrate bog forests, dense undergrowth and the banks of rivers most intensively.