An Oxide Single Crystal with High Thermoelectric Performance in Air

TLDR

The Ca₂Co₂O₅ (Co‑225) whisker is a layered oxide single crystal with alternating Co–O layers along the c‑axis. The Co‑225 whisker exhibits high thermoelectric performance, with a Seebeck coefficient exceeding 100 µV K⁻¹ at 100 K rising to 210 µV K⁻¹, semiconducting resistivity indicative of hopping conduction, and a figure of merit ZT between 1.2 and 2.7 above 873 K, despite low carrier mobility and high carrier density.

Abstract

An oxide single-crystalline whisker with high thermoelectric properties at temperatures ( T ) higher than 600 K in air has been discovered. This whisker is assigned to Ca 2 Co 2 O 5 phase (abbreviated to Co-225 whiskers) and has a layered structure in which Co–O layers of two different kinds alternate in the direction of the c -axis. Seebeck coefficient of the whiskers is higher than 100 µV·K -1 at 100 K and increases with temperature up to 210 µV·K -1 . Temperature dependence of electric resistivity shows a semiconducting-like behavior. These results indicate that the electric carriers are transported via hopping conduction. Using thermal conductivity of a Co-225 polycrystalline sample, figure of merit ( Z T ) of the Co-225 whiskers is estimated 1.2–2.7 at T ≥873 K. This compound is characterized with regard to low mobility and high density of carriers, which contradicts the conventional materials with high thermoelectric properties.