Equilibrium of the CO2-NH3-Urea-H2O System under High Temperature and Pressure. III. Effect of Water Added on Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium

Abstract

Abstract (1) The effect of water added to ammonium carbamate on liquid-vapor equilibrium of the CO2-NH3-Urea-H2O system was investigated at 160 °C. and a loading density of ammonium carbamate 0.60 g./cc. and over the range of mole ratio from 0.20 to 1.00 of water added to ammonium carbamate. (2) The equilibrium pressure is approximately constant independent of the amount of water added within the range of the experimental conditions. Both the vapor- and the liquid-compositions become richer in carbon dioxide, and the equilibrium yield of urea decreases with an increase of the amount of water added. (3) The results of calculation of the compositions and densities of the liquid- and the vapor-phases in the equilibrium state when water ranging from 0.20 to 1.00 mole was added to one mole of ammonium carbamate have been shown.