Proteins in the digesta of the pig : amino acid composition of endogenous, bacterial and fecal fractions

Abstract

When studying digestibility, the respective parts of the exogenous, endogenous and bacterial fractions in the digesta or feces must be measured. The proportions of proteins from different sources may be estimated by comparing their amino acid composition with those of reference sources. This study describes the composition of endogenous and microbial proteins, i.e. meconium of piglet small intestine and colon, axenic piglet feces, bacteria isolated in the feces of pigs receiving a standard (cereal-based) or a purified diet, and pure culture of Escherichia coli. The composition of monoxenic piglet feces and of feces of conventional pigs fed the two types of diets have also been studied. The data on 17 amino acids were used to make overall comparisons of compositions, using the method of X2 distances and factorial correspondance analysis. The composition of exclusively endogenous products differed somewhat from that of samples (mucus, mucosa) usually considered as representative of that fraction. In conventional pigs, the major part of fecal proteins was composed of bacterial protein. Accurate estimation of these was difficult: diaminopimelic acid assay gave an estimate of 65% bacterial protein, while in the same experimental conditions X2 distance gave an estimate of 90%.