Impact of Androgens, Growth Hormone, and IGF-I on Bone and Muscle in Male Mice During Puberty

Abstract

Androgens stimulate trabecular and cortical bone modeling and increase muscle weight independently from either systemic or local IGF-I production. GHR activation seems to be the main determinant of radial bone expansion, although GHR signaling and androgens are both necessary for optimal stimulation of periosteal growth during puberty.