FDG-PET/CT in Evaluation and Prognostication of Primary Prostate Lymphoma

Abstract

A 76-year-old man was incidentally diagnosed with prostate lymphoma following transurethral resection of the prostate for prostatism. Staging F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) revealed markedly increased FDG uptake in the prostate, with no evidence of other disease. Following combination chemotherapy, restaging FDG-PET/CT demonstrated a complete metabolic response. The patient subsequently achieved prolonged remission on follow-up. Because of its rarity, FDG-PET in predicting outcome after therapy has not been validated for primary prostate lymphoma. This case highlights the potential of FDG-PET/CT in not only evaluation of disease extent but also prognostication of primary lymphoma of the prostate.