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Electrochemistry and Structural Chemistry of LiNiO2 (R3m) for 4 Volt Secondary Lithium Cells
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1993
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Materials ScienceChemical EngineeringTopotactic ReactionEngineeringBattery Electrode MaterialsLithium NickelateLi-ion Battery MaterialsNickel DioxideLithium-ion BatteriesLithium-ion BatteryCathode MaterialsEnergy StorageElectrochemical Energy StorageBatteriesChemistrySolid-state BatteryElectrochemistry
LiNiO2’s electrochemical reactivity and its potential for 4‑V secondary lithium cells are discussed. LiNiO2 was synthesized by ten different methods, characterized by X‑ray diffraction and electrochemical techniques, and its topotactic conversion to NiO2 via a monoclinic intermediate was elucidated. The material delivered over 150 mAh g⁻¹ between 2.5 and 4.2 V in 1 M propylene carbonate and its NiO2 phase could be reversibly reduced back to LiNiO2.
The synthesis and characterization of for a 4 V secondary lithium cell was done. The was prepared by ten different methods and characterized by x‐ray diffraction and electrochemical methods. prepared from and [or ] exhibited more than 150 mAh · g−1 of rechargeable capacity in the voltage range between 2.5 and 4.2 V in 1M propylene carbonate solution. The reaction mechanism was also examined and explained in terms of topotactic reaction. Lithium nickelate(III) (R3m; , in hexagonal setting) was oxidized to nickel dioxide (R3m; , ) via having a monoclinic lattice (C2/m). The nickel dioxide could be reversibly reduced to lithium nickelate(III). Factors affecting the electrochemical reactivity of are given and the possibility of using for 4 V secondary lithium cells is described.