Apoptosis and Cell Proliferation in Proliferative Retinal Disorders: PCNA, Ki-67, Caspase-3, and PARP Expression

Abstract

Cell proliferation and apoptosis appear to be key mechanisms regulating certain cell populations in epiretinal membranes of PVR, PDR, and macular pucker. Inhibition of proliferative regulators such as PCNA and/or activation of apoptotic executors such as caspase-3 may serve as therapeutic targets to halt progression of proliferative retinal disorders.