Extension of Nakagawa &amp; Schielzeth's <i>R</i>²_GLMM to random slopes models

Abstract

Nakagawa & Schielzeth extended the widely used goodness-of-fit statistic <i>R</i>² to apply to generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs). However, their <i>R</i>²_GLMM method is restricted to models with the simplest random effects structure, known as random intercepts models. It is not applicable to another common random effects structure, random slopes models.I show that <i>R</i>²_GLMM can be extended to random slopes models using a simple formula that is straightforward to implement in statistical software. This extension substantially widens the potential application of <i>R</i>²_GLMM.