Theory of nonlinear transport processes and irreversible thermodynamics in multicomponent dense fluids

Abstract

The kinetic equation for a single component dense fluid reported previously is extended to a multicomponent dense fluid and the evolution equations are derived therefrom for macroscopic fluxes. The extended Gibbs relation is derived for dense mixtures from the entropy balance and evolution equations by applying the modified moment method. The evolution equations yield nonlinear transport equations whose solutions in terms of thermodynamic forces give nonlinear constitutive relations as well as nonlinear transport coefficients. The nonlinearity and nonlinear couplings between different irreversible processes generally tend to decrease the transport coefficients according to the results obtained. The non-Newtonian shear viscosity is a typical example.