Five-Year Follow-Up After Catheter Ablation of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Using the Stepwise Approach and Prognostic Factors for Success

Abstract

Catheter ablation of persistent AF using the stepwise approach provides limited long-term freedom of arrhythmias often requiring multiple procedures. AF termination, the number of procedures, sex, and the presence of structural heart disease correlate with outcome success. AF termination is associated with consecutive atrial tachycardia procedures.