Modern Disease Models of Alcoholism and Other Chemical Dependencies: The New Biopsychosocial Models

Abstract

SUMMARY A considerable body of research has indicated that alcoholism and other chemical dependencies are multidimensional phenomena. Biological, psychological, and sociocultural variables enter into the origins, nature, maintenance, and change of these disorders. Hence, continued debate and argument over the “correct” unidimensional model is unlikely to prove fruitful. Neither a naive disease concept nor a naive behavioral concept can explain addictive disorders fully. Multidimensional, interactive, biopsychosocial models are now necessary for continued progress in understanding and altering these disorders and the many personal and societal problems associated with them.