Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Nematoda; Aphelenchoididae) associated with Monochamus galloprovincialis (Coleoptera; Cerambycidae) in Portugal

Abstract

Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer, 1934) Nickle, 1970 is the causal agent of pine wilt disease (PWD) in Pinus. It is a quarantine organism in the European Union (Directive 77/93, EEC) and an impediment to international trade of forest products. A pest risk analysis for B. xylophilus and its vectors in the genus Monochamus for the territories of the European Union concluded that, due to the frequent occurrence of susceptible pine hosts in Europe and the presence of suitable insect vectors, PWD couldhave important economicandecolog