Smad3 controls β‐1,3‐glucuronosyltransferase 1 expression in rat nucleus pulposus cells: Implications of dysregulated expression in disc disease

Abstract

Our findings demonstrate that in healthy NP cells, the TGFβ-Smad3 axis serves as a regulator of GlcAT-1 expression. However, an altered responsiveness to TGFβ during disc degeneration may compromise GAG synthesis.