Polyamino-Substituted Guanyl-Triazole Dinitramide Salts with Extensive Hydrogen Bonding: Synthesis and Properties as New Energetic Materials

Abstract

A series of new energetic salts based on the polyamino-1-guanyl-triazole cation with three to five amino groups and the dinitramide anion were synthesized. These new nitrogen-rich salts tend to have extensive hydrogen bonding and exhibit high densities and thermal stabilities. The impact of multiple amino groups in the cation of the dinitramide salts was investigated. Their properties were modified by varying the guanyl substituents and/or the amino substituents on the triazole ring. On the basis of theoretical calculations, 3,5-diamino-1-guanyl-1,2,4-triazole dinitramide, 8, has higher detonation pressure and velocity values than the dinitramide energetic materials such as ammonium dinitramide (ADN), and N-guanylurea-dinitramide (FOX-12). The structures of salts 7−10 (where 7 is 3-amino-1-guanyl-1,2,4-triazole dinitramide, 8 is 3,5-diamino-1-guanyl-1,2,4-triazole dinitramide, 9 is 5-amino-N-amidino-1-guanyl-1,2,4-triazole dinitramide, and 10 is 3,5-diamino-N-amidino-1-guanyl-1,2,4-triazole dinitramide) were investigated using single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.