Etiology of Ankle Osteoarthritis

TLDR

So produce 4 sentences in order: Purpose, Mechanism, Findings, Other. Purpose: "evaluate distribution rate of etiologies leading to ankle arthritis and quantify and compare clinical and radiologic variables among these etiologic groups." Summarize: "The study aimed to determine the distribution of causes of ankle osteoarthritis and compare clinical and radiologic features across etiologic groups." Mechanism: "We evaluated data from 390 patients (406 ankles) who consulted our center because of painful end-stage ankle OA by using medical history, physical examination, and radiography." Summarize: "Data from 390 patients with end‑stage ankle OA were analyzed using history, physical exam, and radiographs." Findings: combine all findings: main results: posttraumatic 78%, secondary 13%, primary 9%; trauma main cause; primary OA rare; patients with posttraumatic OA younger; average AOFAS 38; ROM 22°, VAS 6.8; tibiotalar alignment 88°, varus in majority regardless of etiology. Summarize: "Posttraumatic OA accounted for 78% of cases, secondary 13%, and primary only 9%; it was the predominant cause, with posttraumatic patients younger, and most ankles showed varus alignment regardless of etiology; functional scores were low (AOFAS 38, ROM 22°, pain VAS 6.8)." Other: "Level of Evidence: Level IV, prognostic study. Maybe: "This is a Level IV prognostic study (see author guidelines for evidence level definitions)." Ensure each sentence ends with period.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution rate of etiologies leading to ankle arthritis and to quantify and compare the important clinical and radiologic variables among these etiologic groups. We evaluated data from 390 patients (406 ankles) who consulted our center because of painful end-stage ankle osteoarthritis (OA) by using medical history, physical examination, and radiography. Posttraumatic ankle OA was seen in 78% of the cases (n = 318), secondary arthritis in 13% (n = 52), and primary OA in 9% (n = 36). The average American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) hindfoot score was 38 points (range, 0–74 points), range of motion was 22° (range, 0°−65°), and visual analog scale for pain was 6.8 (range, 2–10). Patients with posttraumatic end-stage ankle OA were younger than patients with primary OA. The average tibiotalar alignment was 88° (range, 51°-116°) and did not differ between the etiologic groups. Our study showed trauma is the main cause of ankle OA and primary OA is rare. In the majority of patients with ankle OA the average tibiotalar alignment is varus regardless of the underlying etiology. Level of Evidence: Level IV, prognostic study. See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.