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The positive staircase (force-frequency relationship) and the Frank-Starling mechanism are altered in atrial myocardium of patients in end-stage heart failure transplanted for dilative cardiomyopathy

Cardiac MuscleAtrial MyocardiumHeart FailureCardiomyopathyStructural Heart DiseaseCardiovascular DiseasePositive StaircaseEnd-stage Heart FailurePhysiologyElectrophysiologyBiomedical EngineeringMedicineCardiologyCardiac Mechanic