Craniofacial Resection for Malignant Tumors Involving the Anterior Skull Base

TLDR

The heterogeneity of histology, tumor origin, invasion extent, and prior therapy complicates meaningful survival comparisons across studies. The authors sought to review craniofacial resection experience for anterior skull base malignancies, reporting long‑term outcomes and analyzing survival by tumor type and extent. They performed a retrospective review of 115 consecutive patients at a tertiary cancer center to assess operative mortality, complications, and survival outcomes. Over 23 years, the cohort achieved 5‑ and 10‑year disease‑specific survival of 58 % and 48 %, with an operative mortality of 3.5 %, major complications in 35 % of cases, and superior survival for limited resections and esthesioneuroblastoma versus mucosal melanoma.

Abstract

To review our experience with craniofacial resection for malignant neoplasms of the anterior skull base and report long-term results, and to analyze survival in terms of the overall experience, tumor histological diagnoses, and tumor extent. Also, to report complications of this surgical procedure.Retrospective review.Tertiary cancer facility.We evaluated 115 consecutive patients undergoing craniofacial resection for malignant neoplasms involving the anterior skull base. Forty-five (39%) presented with recurrent or persistent disease after prior therapy.Survival was evaluated with the Kaplan-Meier product limit method and comparisons between individual subgroups were performed using the log-rank test.The operative mortality rate was 3.5%. Major complications occurred in 40 patients (35%). For the entire group, disease-specific survival rates were 58% and 48% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. The highest survival rate was observed in patients with esthesioneuroblastoma and lowest in those with mucosal melanoma. Survival was significantly better for those whose tumors could be excised with a limited resection in comparison with those requiring an extended procedure (P = .009).A 23-year experience with craniofacial resection performed for malignant tumors involving the anterior skull base confirms the durable results obtained with this intervention. The diversity of histological diagnoses, site of origin, extent of tumor invasion, and impact of prior therapy hampers any attempt at reporting meaningful survival statistics for comparison with other series or other means of treatment.