Maternal caries incidence and salivary close‐contacts with children affect antibody levels to <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> in children

Abstract

Serum and salivary immunoglobulins and antibodies reactive with Streptococcus mutans were determined in 67 5-8-year-old children. The children of mothers whose caries incidence rates exceeded the median value had significantly more serum IgG antibodies to S. mutans than those with a lower maternal caries activity (p less than 0.05). The children (n = 14) who had been exposed to frequent maternal salivary close-contacts in their first year had significantly higher (p less than 0.05) serum total specific IgG antibodies but significantly lower (p less than 0.01) high-avidity IgG antibodies to S. mutans than the other children (n = 53) with less frequent close-contacts. The maternal caries incidence rates were significantly positively associated with children's dfs/DFS-indices (r = 0.41; p less than 0.001). However, the high maternal caries incidence did not increase the risk of caries in those children whose mothers' saliva contained high amounts of lactobacilli during the first nursing year, when compared with matched children with a low maternal level of lactobacilli. This was possibly due to the fact that the former children had significantly (p less than 0.05) more anti-S. mutans IgG antibodies in their sera than the latter.