A Catalytic and Green Procedure for Synthesis of 12-Aryl- or 12-Alkyl-8,9,10,12-Tetrahydrobenzo[α]xanthen-11-one Derivatives under Solvent-Free Conditions

Abstract

ABSTRACT An efficient green procedure for the preparation of 12-aryl- or 12-alkyl-8,9,10,12-tetrahydrobenzo[α]xanthen-11-one derivatives, employing three-component one-pot condensation reaction of β-naphthol, aldehydes, and cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, in the presence of Zr(HSO4)4 under solvent-free conditions, has been described. The present protocol offers several advantages such as high yields, shorter reaction time, simple workup, recovery and reusability of catalyst.