The Structure of Aqueous Non-electrolyte Solutions (Comparative Analysis of the Thermodynamic Properties of Aqueous and Non-aqueous Binary Systems)

Abstract

A comparison of the thermodynamic properties of a large number of aqueous and alcoholic binary systems has established that the following properties are characteristic only of aqueous solutions: (1) negative enthalpies and entropies of mixing at low non-electrolyte concentrations; (2) negative partial molar entropies and enthalpies of water at moderate concentrations. The first property is evidence of the stabilisation of the water structure when the vacancies are filled. The second implies that the solution has a microheterogeneous structure owing to the presence in it of ordered regions (globules). The problem of the nature of the globules and their cooperative properties is discussed. The bibliography includes 49 references.