The American Naturalist · 1966 · 5.3K citations · 23 references
Life SciencesEcologyMarine BiologyCommunity EcologyMarine EcologyTrophic EcologyBiodiversityFood Web DynamicsLatitudinal Diversity GradientsMarine Species DiversitySpecies DiversitySpecies RichnessAnnual Primary ProductionEcological Niche DynamicsFood Web ComplexityLatitudinal Diversity Patterns In Benthic FaunaLocal Species RichnessMarine Food Web DiversitySpecies Diversity PatternsSpecies Diversity-stability Relationship
Local animal diversity is linked to predator presence and their ability to prevent monopolization of key resources such as space, with predator removal reducing diversity, while on larger scales, stable annual production supports more carnivores and higher diversity. No latitude–diversity relationship was observed, and tropical or other ecosystems exhibit greater diversity with disproportionately more carnivores.
It is suggested that local animal species diversity is related to the number of predators in the system and their efficiency in preventing single species from monopolizing some important, limiting, requisite. In the marine rocky intertidal this requisite usually is space. Where predators capable of preventing monopolies are missing, or are experimentally removed, the systems become less diverse. On a local scale, no relationship between latitude (10⚬ to 49⚬ N.) and diversity was found. On a geographic scale, an increased stability of annual production may lead to an increased capacity for systems to support higher-level carnivores. Hence tropical, or other, ecosystems are more diverse, and are characterized by disproportionately more carnivores.
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Robert H. MacArthur, John W. MacArthur · Ecology · 1961 · 3.6K citations
Life Sciences, Biology, Ecology +12