Biodegradation behavior of various calcium phosphate materials in bone tissue

TLDR

The study aimed to investigate the biodegradation behavior of calcium phosphate materials by implanting standardized cylinders into rabbit tibiae. Biodegradation was assessed across materials differing in stoichiometry, crystal structure, and porosity using radiography, microscopy, microradiography, and porosity measurements. All materials were biocompatible; hydroxyapatite exhibited higher osteogenic potential than β‑whitlockite, and sintered tricalcium phosphate biodegraded variably with porosity while hydroxyapatite showed no resorption over nine months.

Abstract

Abstract In order to study the biodegradation behavior of calcium phosphate materials, cylinders of standard size were implanted in the tibiae of rabbits. Material parameters were stoichiometry (hydroxyapatite with a Ca/P ratio of 1.67 versus tricalcium phosphate with a Ca/P ratio of 1.50), crystallographic structure (apatite versus β‐whitlockite), microporosity, and macroporosity. The extent of biodegradation was evaluated by radiography, light and fluorescence microscopy, microradiography, and porosity measurements. All calcium phosphate materials were biocompatible in bone tissue. Hydroxyapatite ceramics had a higher osteogenic potential than β‐whitlockite materials. Depending on their porosities, sintered tricalciumphosphate (β‐whitlockite) materials were more or less biodegradable, in contrast to sintered hydroxyapatite materials, which showed no detectable resorption over a period of 9 months of implantation.