The Political Foundations of Democracy and the Rule of the Law

TLDR

The paper develops a game‑theoretic framework to analyze how political officials respect citizens’ political and economic rights. The authors model rights policing as a coordination problem with asymmetries, applying the framework to democratic stability, plural societies, elite pacts, and the Glorious Revolution. They find that democratic stability requires a self‑enforcing equilibrium in which officials find it in their interest to respect democratic limits, providing a basis for integrating diverse political literature.

Abstract

This paper develops a game-theoretic approach to the problem of political officials' respect for political and economic rights of citizens. It models the policing of rights as a coordination problem among citizens, but one with asymmetries difficult to resolve in a decentralized manner. The paper shows that democratic stability depends on a self-enforcing equilibrium: It must be in the interests of political officials to respect democracy's limits on their behavior. The concept of self-enforcing limits on the state illuminates a diverse set of problems and thus serves as a potential basis for integrating the literature. The framework is applied to a range of topics, such as democratic stability, plural societies, and elite pacts. The paper also applies its lessons to the case of the Glorious Revolution in seventeenth-century England.