Solvent Extraction, Membranes, and Ion Exchange in Hydrometallurgical Dilute Metals Separation

Abstract

Abstract The separation methods which are used in the hydro-metallurgical field are reviewed and compared. Some processes in solvent extraction in use for recovery of crucial metals which are important to the U.S. defense and economy are presented. Various commercial extractants are reviewed and categorized. Other methods such as liquid membranes and ion exchange resins used for dilute metal ions separation are summarized. These methods are compared with solvent extraction. Problems to overcome in the further development of these separation methods are also identified and discussed in this paper.