Immunophenotype of Down Syndrome Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Transient Myeloproliferative Disease Differs Significantly from Other Diseases with Morphologically Identical or Similar Blasts

Abstract

Immunophenotyping by the use of surface antigens and growth factor receptors is a useful tool to discriminate TMD and DS-AMKL from diseases with morphologically similar or identical blasts. The absence of EPO-R on the blast cells might be a sign of the high expression of the mutated -- and less active -- GATA1 in DS. The higher amount of CD34 co-expression in TMD may be interpreted to indicate that TMD is a slightly more immature disease than DS-AMKL.