Comparative of the removal of Pb2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+ by nano crystallite hydroxyapatite from aqueous solutions: Adsorption isotherm study

Abstract

Release of heavy metal onto the water and soil as a result of agricultural and industrial activities may pose a serious threat to the environment. In this study, the adsorption behavior of nano hydroxyapatite with respect to Pb2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+ has been studied in order to consider its application to purity metal finishing wastewater. The batch method has been employed, using metal concentrations in solution ranging from 100 to 400 mg/L. The uptake capacity and distribution coefficients (Kd) were determined for the adsorption system as a function of sorbate concentration. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Kaganer–Radushkevich (DKR) isotherms applied for sorption studies showed that the amount of metal sorbed on nano hydroxyapatite. It was found that the adsorption phenomena depend on charge density and hydrated ion diameter. According to the equilibrium studies, the selectivity sequence can be given as Pb2+ > Cd2+ > Ni2+. These results show that nano hydroxyapatite holds great potential to remove cationic heavy metal species from industrial wastewater.