Nonparametric Statistics for Health Care Research: Statistics for Small Samples and Unusual Distributions

Abstract

Chapter 1: Overview of Nonparametric Statistics Common Characteristics of Parametric Tests Development of Nonparametric Tests Characteristics of Nonparametric Statistics Use of Nonparametric Tests in Health Care Research Some Common Misperceptions About Nonparametric Tests Types of Nonparametric Tests Chapter 2: The Process of Statistical Hypothesis Testing Choosing Between a Parametric and a Nonparametric Test Chapter 3: Evaluating the Characteristics of Data Characteristics of Levels of Measurement Assessing the Normality of a Distribution Dealing With Outliers Data Transformation Considerations Examining Homogeneity of Variance Evaluating Sample Sizes Reporting Testing Assumptions and Violations in a Research Report Chapter 4: Tests The Binomial Test The Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit Test The Kolmogorov-Smirnov One-Sample Test The Kolmogorov-Smirnov Two-Sample Test Chapter 5: Tests for Two Related Samples: Pretest-Posttest Measures for a Single Sample The McNemar Test The Sign Test The Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test Chapter 6: Repeated Measures for More Than Two Time Periods or Matched Conditions Cochran's Q Test The Friedman Test Chapter 7: Tests for Two Independent Samples Fisher's Exact test The Chi-Square Test for Two Independent Samples The Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U test Chapter 8: Assessing Differences Among Several Independent Groups The Chi-Square Test for k Independent Samples The Mantel-Haenszel Chi-Square Test for Trends The Median Test The Kruskal-Wallis One-Way ANOVA by Ranks The Two-Way ANOVA by Ranks Chapter 9: Tests of Association Between Variables The Phi Coefficient Cramer's V Coefficient The Kappa Coefficient The Point Biserial Correlation Chapter 10: Logistic Regression The Logic of Logistic Regression The Odds Ratio and Relative Risk Simple Bivariate Logistic Regression Multiple Logistic Regression