Markers of Insulin Resistance Are Strong Risk Factors for Retinopathy Incidence in Type 1 Diabetes: The EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study

Abstract

Retinopathy incidence in type 1 diabetes remains high. Key risk factors include diabetes duration and glycemic control, with no evidence of a threshold for the latter. Other independent risk factors, such as waist-to-hip ratio and triglyceride levels, both markers of insulin resistance, were strongly related to incidence.