Species Profiles: Life Histories and Environmental Requirements of Coastal Fishes and Invertebrates (Pacific Northwest) Pacific Razor Clam

Abstract

Abstract : Species profiles are literature summaries of the taxonomy, morphology, distribution, life history, ecological role, fishery (when appropriate), and environmental requirements of coastal aquatic species. They are prepared to assist coastal managers, engineers, and biologists in the gathering of information pertinent to costal development activities. The Pacific razor clam has a long history of human consumption on the west coast. Turn-of-the-century commercial canning operations have given way to today's extensive recreational fishery. Razor clams spawn in late spring and early summer in the Pacific Northwest and recruit to flat, sandy beaches in late summer. Greatest densities of large clams occur in the lower intertidal zone. Razor clams grow and mature faster but attain a lower maximum size and age in the southern part of their range. They are noted for their unusual ability to dig very rapidly through the subsurface sand. Silt-generating activities should be avoided in the vicinity of razor clam beaches, as juveniles are susceptible to suffocation. Keywords: Life cycles; Exposed beaches; Intertidal zone; Fisheries; Growth physiology; Feeding habits; Predators; Sediments; Siltation; Clams; Aquaculture; Pacific razor clam; Siliqua patula; Environmental requirements; Temperature requirements; Reproduction physiology.