Chemists and the school of nature

TLDR

Biomimicry, coined in 1962, spans disciplines from natural product chemistry to nanocomposites, and its loose definition has sparked debate about whether it is merely a green‑marketing slogan or a catalyst for transformative chemical practice. The authors argue that a historical perspective can illuminate emerging trends and tendencies in biomimicry within chemistry.

Abstract

The term biomimicry first appeared in 1962 as a generic term including both cybernetics and bionics. It referred to all sorts of imitation of one form of life by another one, while the term "bionics", defined as "an attempt to understand sufficiently well the tricks that nature actually uses to solve her problems", is closer to the meaning of "biomimicry" as it has been used by materials scientists since the 1980s. Biomimetism is an umbrella covering a variety of research fields ranging from the chemistry of natural products to nanocomposites, via biomaterials and supramolecular chemistry. It is an informal movement and the concept itself is so loose that one might wonder whether biomimetism is more than a slogan forged by chemists in order to hop on the "green" bandwagon. Or could it bring a revolution into chemistry with a profound transformation of its practices? It is too early to judge, but a historical perspective helps to highlight some trends and tendencies.