Annals of Surgery · 1993 · 40 citations · 19 references
These observations demonstrate the important role that morphine plays in promoting translocation, presumably by disrupting fasting motility and enhancing bacterial overgrowth.
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The gut: a central organ after surgical stress.
Douglas W. Wilmore, Richard J. Smith, Sarah O’Dwyer et al. · PubMed · 1988 · 597 citations
The Effect of Parenteral Nutrition on Gastrointestinal Immunity
John C. Alverdy, Hoon Sang, George F. Sheldon · Annals of Surgery · 1985 · 348 citations · Full text