The European Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Survey: Comparison of Outcomes between De Novo Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Implantations and Upgrades

Abstract

More than one quarter of all CRT procedures are upgrades from existing systems, although this group has not been subject to randomized clinical trials. Our data suggest that there are no significant differences in clinical outcomes or complication rates between upgrades and de novo procedures. Clinical study no NCT 01185392.