Microstructural strain energy of α-uranium determined by calorimetry and neutron diffractometry

Abstract

The microstructural contribution to the heat capacity of \ensuremath{\alpha}-uranium was determined by measuring the heat-capacity difference between polycrystalline and single-crystal samples from 77 to 320 K. When cooled to 77 K and then heated to about 280 K, the uranium microstructure released $(3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1)\mathrm{J}/\mathrm{m}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{l}$ of strain energy. On further heating to 300 K, the microstructure absorbed energy as it began to redevelop microstrains. Anisotropic strain-broadening parameters were extracted from neutron-diffraction measurements on polycrystals. Combining the strain-broadening parameters with anisotropic elastic constants from the literature, the microstructural strain energy is predicted in the two limiting cases of statistically isotropic stress and statistically isotropic strain. The result calculated in the limit of statistically isotropic stress was $(3.7\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5)\mathrm{J}/\mathrm{m}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{}\mathrm{K}$ at 77 K and $(1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5)\mathrm{J}/\mathrm{m}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{l}$ at room temperature. In the limit of statistically isotropic strain, the values were $(7.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5)\mathrm{J}/\mathrm{m}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{}\mathrm{K}$ at 77 K and $(4.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5)\mathrm{J}/\mathrm{m}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{l}$ at room temperature. In both cases the changes in the microstructural strain energy showed good agreement with the calorimetry.