Dissecting the suicide phenotype: the role of impulsive–aggressive behaviours

Abstract

Suicide ranks among the main causes of death in most Western countries and is, thus, an important public health problem. Over the last few years, it has been increasingly recognized that people who attempt or commit suicide have a certain individual predisposition, partly resulting from certain personality traits, in particular, impulsive-aggressive behaviors. The evidence suggests that impulsive-aggressive traits are part of a developmental cascade that increases suicide risk among a subset of suicides. These personality traits may also mediate familial transmission of suicidal behavior, defining a behavioral endophenotype that could be useful in molecular genetic studies of suicide. On the other hand, not all suicides are associated with impulsive-aggressive behaviors. There is a need to better understand the mechanisms mediating suicide among individuals with no history of impulsive-aggressive behaviors.