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Carcinogens and endemic squamous cancer of the oesophagus in Transkei, South Africa. Environmental initiation is the dominant factor; tobacco or other carcinogens of low potency or concentration are sufficient for carcinogenesis in the predisposed mucosa

Cancer RiskCancer EpidemiologyOncogenic AgentMedicineEnvironmental HealthSouth AfricaEnvironmental FactorsPathologyToxicologyEnvironmental DiseasePublic HealthOncologyLow PotencyEnvironmental InitiationCancer Research