Science · 2005 · 535 citations · 12 references
EngineeringChemical EngineeringMaterials ScienceCatalysisElectrochemical EngineeringEnergy MaterialsElectrochemical CellsEnergy ConversionFuel Cell MaterialsFuel Cell MembranesFuel CellsFuel ChemistryAnode ProcessesCatalytic ReformingFuel Cell CatalystsFuel Cell SystemsFuel EfficiencyHydrogen Fuel CellsHydrogen InfrastructureSolid Oxide Fuel Cells
There are substantial barriers to the introduction of hydrogen fuel cells for transportation, including the high cost of fuel-cell systems, the current lack of a hydrogen infrastructure, and the relatively low fuel efficiency when using hydrogen produced from hydrocarbons. Here, we describe a solid oxide fuel cell that combines a catalyst layer with a conventional anode, allowing internal reforming of iso-octane without coking and yielding stable power densities of 0.3 to 0.6 watts per square centimeter. This approach is potentially the basis of a simple low-cost system that can provide substantially higher fuel efficiency by using excess fuel-cell heat for the endothermic reforming reaction.
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Partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas using carbon dioxide
Alexander T. Ashcroft, Anthony K. Cheetham, M. L. H. GREEN et al. · Nature · 1991 · 798 citations