3D-hierarchical NiO–graphene nanosheet composites as anodes for lithium ion batteries with improved reversible capacity and cycle stability

Abstract

3D-hierarchical NiO–graphene nanosheet (GNS) composites as high performance anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) were synthesized through a simple ultrasonic method, and characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectrum, field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the 3D-hierarchical NiO carnations with nanoplates as building blocks are homogeneously anchored onto GNS and act as spacers to reduce the stacking of GNS. Electrochemical performances reveal that the obtained 3D-hierarchical NiO–GNS composites exhibit remarkably high reversible lithium storage capacity, good rate capability and improved cycling stability, e.g. approximate 1065 mA h g−1 of reversible capacity is retained even after 50 cycles at a current density of 200 mA g−1. The remarkable improvement of electrochemical performances of the obtained composites could be attributed to the decrease of the volume expansion and contraction of NiO and the improvement of the electronic conductivity of composites during the cycling process.