High Prevalence of Autoantibodies Against Carbonic Anhydrase II and Lactoferrin in Type 1 Diabetes: Concept of Autoimmune Exocrinopathy and Endocrinopathy of the Pancreas

Abstract

The high prevalence of both ACA and ALF strongly suggests the involvement of autoimmunity against the exocrine pancreas as well as the endocrine pancreas in some type 1 diabetic patients. We propose that these conditions be referred to as autoimmune exocrinopathy and endocrinopathy of the pancreas.