Tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy: 3 years of experience with 454 patients

Abstract

TPCNL can be used with a favourable outcome and no increase in complications in selected patients, with the potential advantages of decreased postoperative pain, analgesia requirement and hospital stay. Its application can be extended to patients with a solitary kidney, previous ipsilateral open surgery, raised serum creatinine level, in the presence of three renal accesses or supracostal access, and in patients undergoing bilateral synchronous PCNL or contralateral endourological stone treatment.