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Kizawa tunnel cracked on 23 October 2004 Mid-Niigata earthquake: An example of earthquake-induced damage to tunnels in active-folding zones

Geotechnical EngineeringEarthquake EngineeringEngineeringKizawa TunnelSeismologyEarthquake SourceCivil EngineeringTunnelingGeomechanicsEarthquake RuptureActive-folding ZonesEngineering GeologySeismic HazardOctober 2004Tectonics