When a crack is oriented by a magnetic field

Abstract

Upon drying, colloidal suspensions undergo a phase transformation from a "liquid" to a "gel" state. With further solvent evaporation, tensile stresses develop in the gel, which ultimately leads to fractures. These generally manifest themselves in regular cracking patterns which reflect the physical conditions of the drying process. Here we show experimentally and theoretically how, in the case of a drying droplet of magnetic colloid (ferrofluid), an externally applied magnetic field modifies the stress in the gel and therefore the crack patterns. We find that the analysis of the shape of the cracks allows one to estimate the value of the gel Young's modulus just before the crack nucleation.