American Economic Review · 2012 · 473 citations · 49 references
Social SciencesEconomicsHistoryEconomic DemographyHistorical DemographyImmigration StudiesEuropean Migration StudiesInternational MigrationMigration AnalysisMigration HistoryMigration In EuropeUrban MigrationDemographic Effects Of MigrationEconomic Effects Of MigrationMigration DemographyMigration Statistics
During the age of mass migration (1850–1913), the United States maintained a nearly open border, enabling an unobstructed study of migrant decisions. The study estimates the return to migration while accounting for selection by comparing Norway‑to‑US migrants with their brothers who remained in Norway. It compares the wealth and occupation of fathers of migrants and nonmigrants, using the brother‑comparison design to control for family background. The return to migration was relatively low at 70 percent, and migrants from urban areas were found to be negatively selected from the sending population. JEL codes: J11, J61, N31, N33.
During the age of mass migration (1850–1913), one of the largest migration episodes in history, the United States maintained a nearly open border, allowing the study of migrant decisions unhindered by entry restrictions. We estimate the return to migration while accounting for migrant selection by comparing Norway-to-US migrants with their brothers who stayed in Norway in the late nineteenth century. We also compare fathers of migrants and nonmigrants by wealth and occupation. We find that the return to migration was relatively low (70 percent) and that migrants from urban areas were negatively selected from the sending population. (JEL J11, J61, N31, N33)
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Robert Moffitt · American Economic Review · 2009 · 4.7K citations
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