Bioactive Brominated Metabolites from the Red Sea Sponge <i>Pseudoceratina arabica</i>

Abstract

Chemical investigation of the Red Sea sponge Pseudoceratina arabica has led to the isolation and identification of seven brominated compounds including two new bromotyramine derivatives, hydroxymoloka'iamine (2) and moloka'iakitamide (6), and a new brominated phenolic compound, ceratinophenol A (5), together with the known compounds moloka'iamine (1), ceratinamine (3), 5-bromo-2,3-dihydroxy-6-methoxybenzaldehyde (4), and psammaplysin-A (7). Biological evaluation of these metabolites indicated that moloka'iamine and moloka'iakitamide possess significant parasympatholytic effects on isolated rabbit heart and jejunum. This finding has important implications for further biological investigation of this class of compounds. Moreover, these compounds showed weak antibacterial and antifungal activities.