Synthesis and Electrorheology of Semiconducting Poly(naphthalene quinone) Radical Particles

Abstract

Semiconducting poly(naphthalene quinone) radical (PNQR) particles were synthesized from a Friedel–Craft acylation process with naphthalene and phthalic anhydride. The electrorheological (ER) characteristics of the PNQR particles in silicone oil were investigated via a rotational rheometer equipped with a high-voltage generator. The steady-state flow curves for the PNQR-particle-based ER fluids at several applied electric field strengths and particle concentrations were constructed, and their flow characteristics were examined via scaling functions. The flow behavior changed with the sweep speed of the shear rate, especially in the low-shear-rate regions. We also found that the dynamic yield stress versus the particle volume fraction and electric field strength for PNQR systems scales to universal flow curves.